Recovering DATA from BAD (SUPERBLOC) HARD DRIVE

Hello everyone..

Just recovered my data from a BAD Hard drive of my server which just crashed suddenly.

My Autobackup script was working fine. 

But my backup script was not backing up personal home folders of users.

So first had to identify the LVS which was done by below commands

lvm vgscan lvm vgchange -ay lvm lvs

After finding the LVS finding the last superblock which will hopefully be in good condition.

mke2fs -n (note, -n) returns the superblocks:

$ sudo mke2fs -n /dev/--LVS--
mke2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
61054976 inodes, 244190363 blocks
12209518 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
7453 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
    102400000, 214990848

Now taking the last superbloc for e2fsck

$ sudo e2fsck -b 214990848 /dev/sdb1 

After this command just mounted the LVS 

and got all my files

Had written this in a hurry...

Still hope it helps some one..

Drop me  a mail if any one requires guidance...

Thanks

Send Mail in Python (GMAIL & YAHOO)

Programmatically sending an email is really a good tool for developer’s paraphernalia. This is really handy when one automates task and wants to get notified by an email for success or failure. Lately I have written Python script to automate some jobs and incorporated method to send email notification. I thought to share this simple script here so my readers can get benefited.

Using local MTA-SMTP connection

Python script to send email

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#!/usr/bin/env python import smtplib from email.mime.text import MIMEText EMAIL_SUBJECT = "Email from Python script" EMAIL_FROM = "notification@code4reference.com" EMAIL_RECEIVERS = ['your_email@gmail.com'] def listToStr(lst):     """This method makes comma separated list item string"""     return ','.join(lst) def send_email(msg):     """This method sends an email"""         msg_header = "From: " + EMAIL_FROM + "\n" + \                  "To: " + listToStr(EMAIL_RECEIVERS) + "\n" + \                  "Subject: " + EMAIL_SUBJECT + "\n"     msg_body =  msg_header + msg     try:       #establish a connection with the local SMTP server.       smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')       #Now send the email       smtpObj.sendmail(EMAIL_FROM, EMAIL_RECEIVERS, msg_body)       #Close the connection and session.       smtpObj.quit()     except SMTPException as error:       print "Error: unable to send email :  {err}".format(err=error) def main():     """This is a simple main() function which demonstrate sending of email using smtplib."""     send_email("Test email was generated by Python using smtplib and email libraries"); if __name__ == "__main__":    """If this script is run as stand alone then call main() function."""     main()

Before running this script make sure your system has Mail Transfer Agent(MTA) configured. If it is not then readthis post to configure Mail-server on Ubuntu 12.04.
If you are not interested to configure your own MTA then you can probably used the SMTP service provided by other Mail server e.g Gmail, yahoo, etc. But these service providers put some email limits to control spamming. If your application/script is sending email more than this limit then the service can detect it as spamming and may lock your account. You can find gmail email limit from here whereas Yahoo SMTP limit is provided here.

Using Gmail SMTP

Google SMTP server is located here smtp.gmail.com. According to the standard the SMTP port is 25 but Gmail doesn’t use this port instead it uses port 587. Script uses this information to establish a connection and sends an email.

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#!/usr/bin/env python from smtplib import SMTP from smtplib import SMTPException from email.mime.text import MIMEText import sys #Global varialbes EMAIL_SUBJECT = "Email from Python script" EMAIL_RECEIVERS = ['receiverId@gmail.com'] EMAIL_SENDER  =  'senderId@gmail.com' GMAIL_SMTP = "smtp.gmail.com" GMAIL_SMTP_PORT = 587 TEXT_SUBTYPE = "plain" def listToStr(lst):     """This method makes comma separated list item string"""     return ','.join(lst) def send_email(content, pswd):     """This method sends an email"""               #Create the message     msg = MIMEText(content, TEXT_SUBTYPE)     msg["Subject"] = EMAIL_SUBJECT     msg["From"] = EMAIL_SENDER     msg["To"] = listToStr(EMAIL_RECEIVERS)           try:       smtpObj = SMTP(GMAIL_SMTP, GMAIL_SMTP_PORT)       #Identify yourself to GMAIL ESMTP server.       smtpObj.ehlo()       #Put SMTP connection in TLS mode and call ehlo again.       smtpObj.starttls()       smtpObj.ehlo()       #Login to service       smtpObj.login(user=EMAIL_SENDER, password=pswd)       #Send email       smtpObj.sendmail(EMAIL_SENDER, EMAIL_RECEIVERS, msg.as_string())       #close connection and session.       smtpObj.quit();     except SMTPException as error:       print "Error: unable to send email :  {err}".format(err=error) def main(pswd):     """This is a simple main() function which demonstrates sending of email using smtplib."""     send_email("Test email was generated by Python using smtplib and email libraries", pswd); if __name__ == "__main__":     """If this script is executed as stand alone then call main() function."""     if len(sys.argv) == 2:         main(sys.argv[1])     else:         print "Please provide password"         sys.exit(0)

If scripts uses SMTP to send emails then Gmail can detect it as suspicious activity and it may ask you to change the password. This is a kind-of-annoying. To avoid such issues it always suggested to configure your own MTA.

Using Yahoo SMTP

Yahoo exposed SMTP service here smtp.mail.yahoo.com and 465 port. Unlike Gmail, It expects a SSL SMTP connection.

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#!/usr/bin/env python from smtplib import SMTP from smtplib import SMTP_SSL from smtplib import SMTPException from email.mime.text import MIMEText import sys #Global varialbes EMAIL_SUBJECT = "Email from Python script" EMAIL_RECEIVERS = ['receiverId@gmail.com'] EMAIL_SENDER  =  'senderId@yahoo.com' TEXT_SUBTYPE = "plain" YAHOO_SMTP = "smtp.mail.yahoo.com" YAHOO_SMTP_PORT = 465 def listToStr(lst):     """This method makes comma separated list item string"""     return ','.join(lst) def send_email(content, pswd):     """This method sends an email"""     msg = MIMEText(content, TEXT_SUBTYPE)     msg["Subject"] = EMAIL_SUBJECT     msg["From"] = EMAIL_SENDER     msg["To"] = listToStr(EMAIL_RECEIVERS)           try:       #Yahoo allows SMTP connection over SSL.       smtpObj = SMTP_SSL(YAHOO_SMTP, YAHOO_SMTP_PORT)       #If SMTP_SSL is used then ehlo and starttls call are not required.       smtpObj.login(user=EMAIL_SENDER, password=pswd)       smtpObj.sendmail(EMAIL_SENDER, EMAIL_RECEIVERS, msg.as_string())       smtpObj.quit();     except SMTPException as error:       print "Error: unable to send email :  {err}".format(err=error) def main(pswd):     """This is a simple main() function which demonstrates sending of email using smtplib."""     send_email("Test email was generated by Python using smtplib and email libraries", pswd); if __name__ == "__main__":     """If this script is executed as stand alone then call main() function."""     if len(sys.argv) == 2:         main(sys.argv[1])     else:         print "Please provide password"         sys.exit(0)

Email with attachment

Above scripts just send an email what if you want to attach something with it. You can use the below script to attach a picture and text file with the email.

#!/usr/bin/env python
from smtplib import SMTP
from smtplib import SMTPException
from email.MIMEMultipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
from email.MIMEImage import MIMEImage
import sys


EMAIL_SUBJECT = "Email from Python script with attachment."
EMAIL_FROM = 'senderId@gmail.com'
EMAIL_RECEIVER = 'receiverId@gmail.com'
GMAIL_SMTP = "smtp.gmail.com"
GMAIL_SMTP_PORT = 587
TEXT_SUBTYPE = "plain"

def listToStr(lst):
    """This method makes comma separated list item string"""
    return ','.join(lst)

def send_email(content, pswd):
    """This method sends an email"""

    #Create the email.
    msg = MIMEMultipart()
    msg["Subject"] = EMAIL_SUBJECT
    msg["From"] = EMAIL_FROM
    msg["To"] = EMAIL_RECEIVER
    body = MIMEMultipart('alternative')
    body.attach(MIMEText(content, TEXT_SUBTYPE ))
    #Attach the message
    msg.attach(body)
    #Attach a text file
    msg.attach(MIMEText(file("code4reference.txt").read()))
    #Attach a picuture.
    msg.attach(MIMEImage(file("pic.jpg").read()))

    try:
      smtpObj = SMTP(GMAIL_SMTP, GMAIL_SMTP_PORT)
      #Identify yourself to GMAIL ESMTP server.
      smtpObj.ehlo()
      #Put SMTP connection in TLS mode and call ehlo again.
      smtpObj.starttls()
      smtpObj.ehlo()
      #Login to service
      smtpObj.login(user=EMAIL_FROM, password=pswd)
      #Send email
      smtpObj.sendmail(EMAIL_FROM, EMAIL_RECEIVER, msg.as_string())
      #close connection and session.
      smtpObj.quit()
    except SMTPException as error:
      print "Error: unable to send email :  {err}".format(err=error)

def main(pswd):
    """This is a simple main() function which demonstrate sending of email using smtplib."""
    send_email("Test email was generated by Python using smtplib and email libraries." + \
               " This email also has attachments. Please download them", pswd);

if __name__ == "__main__":
    """If this script is run as stand alone then call main() function."""
    if len(sys.argv) == 2:
        main(sys.argv[1]);
    else:
        print "Please provide the password"


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If you are interested in source code you can get it from github/code4reference Hope this blog helped you in some way but don't than me as owner is Mr. Rakesh Original blog url is Link